Unmasking the Gummy Smile
A gummy smile, formally known as an excessive gingival display, emerges when a person's smile reveals an excessive amount of gum tissue above the top teeth. Those struggling with this condition often pinpoint it as a source of diminished self-confidence, with many perceiving their smile as less appealing. But what remedies are available for a gummy smile? Let's delve deeper.
Identifying a Gummy Smile
A gummy smile becomes apparent when an excessive amount of gum tissue is displayed while smiling. Although what constitutes a gummy smile can be subjective, studies suggest that if 3 millimeters or more of gums are visible, the smile may be categorized as gummy. This condition is more prevalent in women, affecting approximately 14% of females and around 7% of males.
There are several possible triggers for gummy smiles:
– Short teeth shrouded by excessive gum tissue may contribute to a gummy appearance.
– Teeth that seem short relative to the gums could be a result of genetics or undue wear on the teeth.
– An unusually short upper lip.
– An extremely active upper lip that lifts significantly while smiling but appears normal when at rest.
– Prolonged gum tissue (gingival hypertrophy).
– Overdevelopment of the upper jaw (vertical maxillary excess) can cause the gums to protrude.
Addressing a Gummy Smile
While rectifying a gummy smile can be challenging, there are potential solutions based on the underlying cause.
– Excessive gum tissue overlaying teeth: This can be tackled by removing the gum tissue (gingivectomy) to reveal more of the tooth structure. In some cases, bone may also need to be removed to enhance the size of the teeth (crown lengthening).
– Jaw discrepancies and misaligned teeth: The severity of malocclusion dictates the solution. Braces may correct the position of the teeth and resolve the gummy smile. In extreme cases, surgical correction of the jaw alignment might be necessary (orthognathic surgery).
– Short or smaller teeth: Veneers or cosmetic dentistry can boost the size and appearance of the teeth.
– Short or hyperactive upper lip: A lip switch procedure or lip repositioning surgery can be performed to reduce the gum tissue visible while smiling.
– A non-surgical option involves using Botox to relax the lip, enabling it to hang lower than usual. The results typically last 3-4 months, requiring ongoing maintenance.
Gummy Smiles: A Closer Look
Approximately 10% of adults are affected by a gummy smile or excessive gingival display. Several factors can contribute to a gummy smile:
– Genetics: Hereditary factors can predispose individuals to gummy smiles.
– Overbite: When upper teeth overly extend over lower teeth, it can result in more visible gums when smiling.
– Short upper lip: A shorter upper lip can lead to a gummy smile as it covers less of the gums.
– Tissue growth: In some instances, excess gum tissue growth can lead to a gummy smile, which could be due to hormonal imbalances or certain medications.
Several treatments are available for gummy smiles:
– Orthodontics: Overbites, which can increase the visibility of gum tissue when smiling, can be corrected using orthodontic treatment.
– Gingivectomy: This surgical procedure eliminates excess gum tissue and is a common remedy for gummy smiles.
– Botulinum toxin injections: These can relax the muscles in the upper lip, decreasing the visibility of gum tissue when smiling.
– Fillers: These can plump the upper lip, covering more of the gums when smiling.
The optimal treatment for a gummy smile depends on individual circumstances. A dentist or orthodontist can evaluate the cause of the gummy smile and propose the most suitable treatment.
Interesting Statistics about Gummy Smiles
– Women are more likely to experience gummy smiles than men.
– Overbites often result in gummy smiles.
– Genetics, a short upper lip, and tissue growth are all common causes of gummy smiles.
– Several treatments are available for gummy smiles, including orthodontics, gingivectomy, botulinum toxin injections, and fillers.
Dr. Thomas is a general dentist that loves sharing information about all aspects of dentistry, but is passionate about digital and implant dentistry. Dr. Thomas received his DMD degree from Tufts University School of Dental Medicine and continues to find helpful ways to inform and educate people about dental procedures and products.
Are you looking for a second opinion? Dr. Thomas is the CEO of Opinion Two Nonprofit Organization. Opinion Two is available online or on mobile app and it allows patients to receive dental second opinions with top US-licensed dentists. All proceeds are used to benefit future generations of dentists through scholarships and benefits to pre-dental programs.