Gum Disease: Understanding Gingivitis and Periodontitis
Table of Contents
- What is gingivitis and periodontitis?
- What are the signs that you may have gum disease starting?
- What can you do to prevent having periodontitis?
- What is the treatment for gingivitis?
- What is the treatment for periodontitis?
- Additional Information and Statistics
- Tips for Preventing Gingivitis and Periodontitis
What is gingivitis and periodontitis?
Gum disease, more specifically referred to as periodontal disease or periodontitis, starts as gingivitis, an inflammation of the gums caused by plaque or tartar. Proper oral hygiene, such as brushing, flossing, and regular dental cleanings, can easily reverse gingivitis. However, when neglected, this inflammation coupled with bacterial accumulation may lead to bone loss. This progression to bone loss and inflammation around the teeth defines periodontitis.
What are the signs that you may have gum disease starting?
If you haven't visited a dentist in over 6 months, you risk causing irreversible damage to your teeth, gums, and bone. Telltale signs include bleeding when flossing, indicating inflammation and built-up plaque or tartar under the gums. Regular flossing after dental cleaning should prevent such bleeding, as healthy gums do not bleed. Persistent bad breath might also indicate excessive bacterial presence, predisposing you to gum disease.
What can you do to prevent having periodontitis?
For optimal oral health, ensure you:
- Visit your dentist every 6 months or as recommended for professional cleanings.
- Use an electric toothbrush twice a day for thorough cleaning.
- Floss daily.
- Utilize a tongue scraper to remove bacteria trapped between taste buds. Available in stainless steel and plastic variants, a tongue scraper is an overlooked but essential tool.
What is the treatment for gingivitis?
Effective oral hygiene and regular dental visits can treat gingivitis. This localized infection dissipates once plaque and tartar are removed. Occasionally, problematic dental restorations, such as fillings or crowns, may cause gingivitis. Always consult your dentist about any persistent issues or concerns.
What is the treatment for periodontitis?
Periodontitis requires comprehensive management rather than a cure. The primary goal is halting its progression and retaining the existing bone to safeguard your teeth's future. High periodontal probings due to gum pocket inflammation necessitate bacterial debridement through scaling and root planing, often referred to as deep cleanings. Periodontal maintenance every 3 months becomes crucial. Some dental practices employ lasers for bacterial pocket decontamination. If periodontitis becomes severe, consult a periodontist, a gum disease specialist.
Additional Information and Statistics
Gingivitis: As the mildest form of gum disease, gingivitis results from plaque buildup. If not removed, plaque can irritate the gums, leading to redness, swelling, and easy bleeding. Fortunately, with good oral hygiene and dental check-ups, gingivitis is reversible. Periodontitis: An advanced gum disease form, periodontitis arises when gingivitis remains untreated. In periodontitis, plaque and bacteria penetrate gums and supporting bone, potentially leading to receding gums, loose teeth, or tooth loss.
Statistics:
- Gingivitis affects approximately 80% of adults, particularly those over 35 or smokers.
- Periodontitis impacts around 15% of adults, being more prevalent in those over 45 or smokers.
It's paramount to schedule regular dental check-ups and cleanings for gum disease prevention. Prompt treatment for any gum disease symptoms is equally crucial.
Tips for Preventing Gingivitis and Periodontitis
- Brush for two minutes, twice daily.
- Floss once a day.
- Choose a fluoride toothpaste.
- Undergo regular dental check-ups and cleanings.
- Avoid smoking.
- Maintain a balanced diet.
- Manage stress effectively.
By adhering to these guidelines, you can ensure gum health and ward off gum disease.
Dr. Thomas is a general dentist that loves sharing information about all aspects of dentistry, but is passionate about digital and implant dentistry. Dr. Thomas received his DMD degree from Tufts University School of Dental Medicine and continues to find helpful ways to inform and educate people about dental procedures and products.
Are you looking for a second opinion? Dr. Thomas is the CEO of Opinion Two Nonprofit Organization. Opinion Two is available online or on mobile app and it allows patients to receive dental second opinions with top US-licensed dentists. All proceeds are used to benefit future generations of dentists through scholarships and benefits to pre-dental programs.