Do you ever feel a sharp pain in your teeth when drinking hot coffee or eating ice cream? If so, you’re not alone. In fact, according to the American Dental Association, nearly 45% of adults in the United States suffer from tooth sensitivity. While the occasional twinge here and there is nothing to be too concerned about, constant or severe pain can be a sign of a more serious problem. Let’s take a look at some of the various causes of tooth sensitivity and what you can do to prevent them.
Cavities
One of the most common causes of tooth sensitivity is cavities. Cavities form when bacteria in your mouth breaks down the enamel on your teeth, creating small holes. If left untreated, cavities can become larger and cause pain when exposed to hot or cold temperatures. Brushing twice a day, flossing regularly, and seeing your dentist for regular checkups can help prevent cavities from forming.
Cracks in Teeth
Another common cause of tooth sensitivity is cracks in teeth. Cracks can occur due to wear and tear, as well as biting into hard objects such as ice cubes or candy. Cracks in teeth can also be caused by clenching or grinding your teeth (a condition known as bruxism). Wearing a nightguard while you sleep can help prevent cracked teeth due to bruxism.
Broken Teeth
Broken teeth are another possible cause of tooth sensitivity. This can happen due to an accident or injury, as well as biting into hard objects. If you have a broken tooth, it’s important to see your dentist as soon as possible so that they can repair it before it becomes infected.
Worn Down Teeth
Teeth can also become sensitive due to wear and tear over time. This is particularly common in people who grind their teeth or clench their teeth (bruxism). Wearing a nightguard while you sleep can help protect your teeth when you are grinding and clenching at night.
Traumatic Occlusion
After a new restoration is placed by your dentist – a crown, bridge or filling – it’s possible that the bite may not fit together perfectly. When this occurs, it means that the new restoration may need to be adjusted to properly shape it to fit into the opposing teeth. If it’s left alone and not addressed, there’s a possibility that this premature contact leads to continued sensitivity and pain. Once the anesthetic wears off, you really should evaluate the bite and return to the dentist if it doesn’t feel right.
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Areas of Gum Recession
Gum recession is another possible cause of tooth sensitivity. Gum recession occurs when the gum tissue around your teeth starts to pull away from the teeth, exposing the roots of your teeth—which are much more sensitive than the enamel on the surface of your teeth. Regular brushing and flossing can help prevent gum recession by keeping your gums healthy.
Whitening or Charcoal Toothpaste
The type of toothpaste you use can also lead to tooth sensitivity. Some whitening toothpastes and charcoal toothpastes are abrasive and can wear away the enamel on your teeth, making them more sensitive. Exposed dentin, which is yellow in color, is what allows you to sense cold, so the more enamel you remove, the more sensitive your teeth can become. Look for toothpastes that are specifically designed for sensitive teeth.
Teeth Whitening
Teeth whitening is a popular way to improve the appearance of your teeth, but it can also cause tooth sensitivity. Teeth whitening involves using a bleaching agent to remove stains from inside of your teeth. While it is effective at removing stains, it can also make your teeth very sensitive. The amount of sensitivity can depend on the whitening gel you are using, the duration of time you are whitening for and how often you are whitening your teeth. If you are considering teeth whitening, be sure to talk to your dentist about the best way to do it safely and avoid any tooth sensitivity.
With the many causes of tooth sensitivity, it is important to see your dentist regularly so these issues can be prevented. Checkup xrays are typically taken once per year to catch small cavities before they become symptomatic. Other areas of concern can also be prevented with regular teeth cleanings and your hygienist or dentist may be able to recognize incorrect oral hygiene habits that they can help you improve.
Dr. Thomas is a general dentist that loves sharing information about all aspects of dentistry, but is passionate about digital and implant dentistry. Dr. Thomas received his DMD degree from Tufts University School of Dental Medicine and continues to find helpful ways to inform and educate people about dental procedures and products.
Are you looking for a second opinion? Dr. Thomas is the CEO of Opinion Two Nonprofit Organization. Opinion Two is available online or on mobile app and it allows patients to receive dental second opinions with top US-licensed dentists. All proceeds are used to benefit future generations of dentists through scholarships and benefits to pre-dental programs.